Jacque Antoine Manuel (1775-1827) had been a persistent critic of the restored Bourbon monarchy in France. His opposition to using military force to crush the Spanish revolution of 1820 created uproar in the Chamber of Deputies and on 3 March the Ultras successfully passed a motion to exclude him for the rest of the session. However, Manuel returned the following day and was forcefully removed by the gendarmerie, after National Guards had refused to remove him. Crowds gathered throughout Paris in Manuel’s support over the following few days.

See Examiner, 2 March and 9 March 1823.